近义词辨析 hobby●avocation●pastime…
hobby●avocation●pastime●recreation●sport
These words refer to play, leisure-time activities, or side interests pursued for amusement or pleasure. Hobby indicates an activity that may involve the development of intricate knowledge of or capability in a limited field. It particularly implies collecting or tinkering activities, often done by oneself at home and seldom involving physical exercise for its own sake: a lifelong hobby of stamp collecting.
Avocation is more formal than hobby and may suggest a more dedicated pursuit of something with cultural or social value: a doctor whose avocation was playing cello in an amateur string quartet. But, more generally, the word can group together the whole range of activities considered here, since its only restriction is its emphasis on something that is secondary to a person’s livelihood, career or central concern. Recreation is comparable in its generality to avocation. While it doesn’t emphasize the distinction between main and secondary interests, it does suggest pleasure-giving relaxation and low-key activity that would not be found in most vocations. The word’s stress is on play or games. Thus, unlike hobby, it can more often suggest activity that is done in groups and includes folk dancing, handicrafts, swimming and boating.
Pastime is closer to hobby than the previous pair, indicating anything done to occupy one’s leisure; by implication, the word suggests activity of little intrinsic worth: insisting that his painting was merely a pastime that kept him from being bored. This deprecatory note can be even more pronounced: few pastimes more foolish than autograph collecting. Sport is the one word here that points to a recreation or pastime that is primarily a matter of physical exercise, and suggests especially competitive group or individual activity: We enjoyed playing cricket, football and other sports. Unlike all the other words here, sport can indicate an activity pursued as a money-making vocation: He had performed so brilliantly in amateur tennis that he took up the sport as a full-time professional player.
爱好，嗜好，消遣，娱乐，体育运动：
这些词是指游戏、休闲活动或为娱乐或娱乐而追求的侧面兴趣。 Hobby（爱好）是指一种活动，可能涉及在有限的领域发展复杂的知识或能力。 它特别意味着收集或修补活动，通常是自己在家做的，为此几乎不需要体育锻炼， 例如：一辈子的集邮爱好。
Avocation（嗜好）比Hobby（爱好）更正式，可能意味着对具有文化或社会价值的东西的更专注的追求，例如：一位热衷于在业余弦乐四重奏中演奏大提琴的医生。 但是，更广泛地说，这个词可以放在这组表示各种活动的词里，因为它的唯一限制是它强调的是仅次于一个人的生计、事业或核心关注的问题。 Recreation（娱乐）在其共性上与Avocation（嗜好）可以相提并论。 虽然它没有强调主要兴趣和次要兴趣之间的区别，但它主要指能带来乐趣的放松和低调的活动，这在大多数avocation中找不到的。 这个词强调的是玩或游戏。 因此，与Hobby（爱好）不同，它更多时候指的是集体进行的活动，包括民间舞蹈、手工艺品、游泳和划船。
Pastime（消遣）比avocation, recreation更接近Hobby（爱好），指任何闲暇时做的事情；顾名思义，这种消遣意味着几乎没有任何价值：坚持某人的绘画只是一种消遣，这样做使他不感到无聊。 消遣没有任何价值的意义，从下面这句话可见一斑：没有比收集签名更愚蠢的Pastime（消遣）。 Sport（体育运动）这个词，主要指的是一种带有体育锻炼的娱乐或消遣，尤其指团体竞赛或个人活动，例如：我们喜欢打板球、足球和其他体育运动。 与这里的所有其他词汇不同，Sport（体育运动）可以表明一种作为赚钱的职业而追求的活动，例如：他在业余网球上表现得如此出色，以至于他作为一名职业球员参加了这项运动。
一点一滴和李老师学英语；每天进步一点点……
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